Protocols are nice, but there is no way for C code to verify whether
a type's "protocol" structure actually implements some particular
protocol. As a result, you can pass an object that implements the
"vfs" protocol to one that expects the "stream" protocol, and the
opposite of awesomeness ensues.
This patch adds an OPTIONAL (but enabled by default) protocol identifier
as the first member of any protocol structure. This identifier is
simply a unique QSTR chosen by the protocol designer and used by each
protocol implementer. When checking for protocol support, instead of
just checking whether the object's type has a non-NULL protocol field,
use `mp_proto_get` which implements the protocol check when possible.
The existing protocols are now named:
protocol_framebuf
protocol_i2c
protocol_pin
protocol_stream
protocol_spi
protocol_vfs
(most of these are unused in CP and are just inherited from MP; vfs and
stream are definitely used though)
I did not find any crashing examples, but here's one to give a flavor of what
is improved, using `micropython_coverage`. Before the change,
the vfs "ioctl" protocol is invoked, and the result is not intelligible
as json (but it could have resulted in a hard fault, potentially):
>>> import uos, ujson
>>> u = uos.VfsPosix('/tmp')
>>> ujson.load(u)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ValueError: syntax error in JSON
After the change, the vfs object is correctly detected as not supporting
the stream protocol:
>>> ujson.load(p)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
OSError: stream operation not supported
Whenever there is more than one argument, delegate the operation to
namedtuple_make_new. This allows other circuitpython-compatible
idioms, like with keywords
time.struct_time(tm_year=2000, tm_mon=1, tm_mday=1, tm_hour=0,
tm_min=0, tm_sec=14, tm_wday=5, tm_yday=5, tm_isdst=-1)
with 9 positional arguments, etc.
The only vaguely plausible CPython behavior still not permitted in
CircuitPython that I found is constructing a timetuple from a length-9
list, a la
time.struct_time(list(time.localtime())
Even better, by getting rid of an error message, the build shrinks a
tiny bit.
This doesn't cover ALL the cases that CPython permits for construction
of a struct_time, but it at least makes constructing from any namedtuple
work.
Closes: #2326
(or deinitialized, for those of us on this side of the pond)
Otherwise, a sequence like
```
audio = audiobusio.I2SOut(bit_clock=board.D6, word_select=board.D9, data=board.D10)
sine_wave_sample = audiocore.RawSample(sine_wave)
audio.play(sine_wave_sample, loop=True)
del audio
```
could free the memory associated with audio without stopping the
related background task. Later, when fresh objects are allocated within
a now-freed memory region, they can get overwritten in the background
task, leading to a hard crash.
This presumably can affect multiple I2S implementations, but it was
reported against the nRF one.
This PR refines the _bleio API. It was originally motivated by
the addition of a new CircuitPython service that enables reading
and modifying files on the device. Moving the BLE lifecycle outside
of the VM motivated a number of changes to remove heap allocations
in some APIs.
It also motivated unifying connection initiation to the Adapter class
rather than the Central and Peripheral classes which have been removed.
Adapter now handles the GAP portion of BLE including advertising, which
has moved but is largely unchanged, and scanning, which has been enhanced
to return an iterator of filtered results.
Once a connection is created (either by us (aka Central) or a remote
device (aka Peripheral)) it is represented by a new Connection class.
This class knows the current connection state and can discover and
instantiate remote Services along with their Characteristics and
Descriptors.
Relates to #586
Also, move the rendering setup code to shared-module from
shared-bindings.
In CP 5.0, displayio_display_core_set_region_to_update now starts
its own transaction, so it has to be moved outside of the transaction
started by the render call.
writeto_then_readfrom has been added to do a write -> no stop ->
repeated start -> read sequence. This is done to match the
capabilities of Blinka on Linux.
Code that uses stop=False will not work correctly on Blinka.
To fix, if stop=False then use writeto_then_readfrom otherwise use
writeto then readfrom_into.
First step in #2082
It turns out `mp_obj_int_get_checked` is not appropriate to call when
the argument is not of int or long type--the "checked" refers to guarding
against overflow/underflow, not type checking.
For compatibility with CPython, handle float arguments.
Closes: #2069
Testing performed: That the shipped .mpy files on a PyPortal (CP 4.x)
still work (play audio) with this branch, instead of erroring because
`WaveFile` can't be found in `audioio`.
Flash usage grew by 28 bytes. (I expected 24, there must be some other
effect on size/alignment that I didn't predict)
It lets us re-use the same buffer for playing multiple files.
This also allows us to control the size of the buffer. Half of the
buffer will be used for the fist, and half for the second internal
buffer.
When nrf pwm audio is introduced, it will be called `audiopwmio`. To
enable code sharing with the existing (dac-based) `audioio`, factor
the sample and mixer types to `audiocore`.
INCOMPATIBLE CHANGE: Now, `Mixer`, `RawSample` and `WaveFile` must
be imported from `audiocore`, not `audioio`.
This also improves Palette so it stores the original RGB888 colors.
Lastly, it adds I2CDisplay as a display bus to talk over I2C. Particularly
useful for the SSD1306.
Fixes#1828. Fixes#1956
This fixes the bug that bitmap changes do not cause screen updates
and optimizes the refresh when the bitmap is simply shown on the
screen. If the bitmap is used in tiles, then changing it will
cause all TileGrids using it to do a full refresh.
Fixes#1981
When reading the accumulated button presses in gamepad and gamepadshift,
don't clear the buffer to "no buttons pressed", but instead set it to
the current (last checked) state. This clears the accumulated presses,
but retains any ongoing ones.
This fixes#1935
Different operations to the display tree have different costs. Be
aware of these costs when optimizing your code.
* Changing tiles indices in a TileGrid will update an area
covering them all.
* Changing a palette will refresh every object that references it.
* Moving a TileGrid will update both where it was and where it moved to.
* Adding something to a Group will refresh each individual area it
covers.
* Removing things from a Group will refresh one area that covers all
previous locations. (Not separate areas like add.)
* Setting a new top level Group will refresh the entire display.
Only TileGrid moves are optimized for overlap. All other overlaps
cause sending of duplicate pixels.
This also adds flip_x, flip_y and transpose_xy to TileGrid. They
change the direction of the pixels but not the location.
Fixes#1169. Fixes#1705. Fixes#1923.
This changes the displayio pixel computation from per-pixel to
per-area. This is precursor work to updating portions of the screen
(#1169). It should provide mild speedups because bounds checks are
done once per area rather than once per pixel. Filling by area also
allows TileGrid to maintain a row-associative fill pattern even when
the display's refresh is orthogonal to it.
If a native displayio object is accessed before it's super().__init__()
has been called, then a placeholder is given that will cause a crash if
accessed. This is tricky to get right so we detect this case and raise
a NotInplementedError instead of crashing.
Fixes#1881
* Update pybadge pins and flash for rev D
* TileGrid now validates the type of the pixel_shader.
* Display actually handles incoming subclass objects.
* MicroPython will inspect native parents to see if special
accessors are used.
With the bus exposed, we can send custom commands to the display, to
leverage advanced features specific to the display, which are not
exposed by default.
If one of the default pins was already in use it would crash.
The internal API has been refined to allow us to get the value
without causing an init of the singleton.
Fixes#1753
This brings it inline with Group. Also fixes#1613
This also includes a number of fixes for where a method is called
through a subclass. We now correctly get the native object.
Fixes#1567
Lastly, this adds subscript support to TileGrid for changing tile
indices. Similar to Bitmap, it accepts ints or 2-tuples.
* Fixes safe mode on the SAMD51. The "preserved" value was being
clobbered by the bootloader.
* Fixes auto-reload loop when in safe mode.
* Fixes reading Group children with [].
* Check that a TileGrid actually moves before queueing a refresh.
This changes a number of things in displayio:
* Introduces BuiltinFont and Glyph so the built in font can be used by libraries. For boards with
a font it is available as board.TERMINAL_FONT. Fixes#1172
* Remove _load_row from Bitmap in favor of bitmap[] access. Index can be x/y tuple or overall index. Fixes#1191
* Add width and height properties to Bitmap.
* Add insert and [] access to Group. Fixes#1518
* Add index param to pop on Group.
* Terminal no longer takes unicode character info. It takes a BuiltinFont instead.
* Fix Terminal's handling of [###D vt100 commands used when up arrowing into repl history.
* Add x and y positions to Group plus scale as well.
* Add bitmap accessor for BuiltinFont
Display rotation is relative to the scan order of the display.
The scan order can be found by scrolling the display with command
0x37 `display_bus.send(0x37, struct.pack(">H", i % 128))`
Fixes#1504
* Fix Hallowing.
* Fix builds without displayio.
* Fix y bounds that appears as untrollable row of pixels.
* Add scrolling to TileGrid.
* Remove Sprite to save space. TileGrid is a drop in replacement.
This started while adding USB MIDI support (and descriptor support is
in this change.) When seeing that I'd have to implement the MIDI class
logic twice, once for atmel-samd and once for nrf, I decided to refactor
the USB stack so its shared across ports. This has led to a number of
changes that remove items from the ports folder and move them into
supervisor.
Furthermore, we had external SPI flash support for nrf pending so I
factored out the connection between the usb stack and the flash API as
well. This PR also includes the QSPI support for nRF.
This is intended to be compatible with Python 3.7's time.monotonic_ns.
The "actual resolution" is 1ms due to this being the unit at which
common_hal_time_monotonic ticks.
Closes#519
Because of the very specific way nRF requires service registration
(characteristics can be added only to last added service), we would
have to write the Python code in a specific way. With this patch the
user has more freedom.
This was the last class from ubluepy and so that module is now gone.
The Device class offers both Peripheral and Central functionality.
See the inline docs for more info.
This reduces the popping sound on initial playback of an audio
sample.
The M4 DAC has a pop on startup that cannot be prevented. It also
does not allow readback so current values of the DAC are ignored.
Fixes#1090
Also, renamed Sprite's palette to pixel_shader so it can be
anything that produces colors based on values (including color values).
Added a ColorConverter that converts RGB888 (found in bitmaps) to
RGB565 for the display.
Fixes#1182
It's designed to minimize RAM footprint by using Sprites to
represent objects on the screen. The object model also facilitates
partial screen updating which reduces the bandwidth needed to display.
This is all handled in C. Python simply manipulates the objects with
the ability to synchronize to frame timing.
Commit 95e70cd0ea 'time: Use 1970 epoch' changed epoch for the time
module, but not for other users. This patch does the same for the only
other core timeutils user: extmod/vfs_fat.c:fat_vfs_stat().
Other timeutils users: cc3200, esp8266 and stm32, are not changed.
Ports that don't use long ints, will still get wrong time values from
os.stat().
This saves code space in builds which use link-time optimization.
The optimization drops the untranslated strings and replaces them
with a compressed_string_t struct. It can then be decompressed to
a c string.
Builds without LTO work as well but include both untranslated
strings and compressed strings.
This work could be expanded to include QSTRs and loaded strings if
a compress method is added to C. Its tracked in #531.
Particularly when they have buffers that are written via IRQ or DMA,
UART objects do not relocate gracefully. If such an object is
relocated to the long-lived pool after its original creation, the
IRQ or DMA will write to an unexpected location within the Python
heap, leading to a variety of symptoms. The most frequent symptom
is inability to read from the UART.
Consider the particular case of atmel-samd: usart_uart_obj_t
contains a usart_async_descriptor contains a _usart_async_device.
In _sercom_init_irq_param the address of this contained
_usart_async_device is assigned to a global array
sercom_to_sercom_dev which is later used from the interrupt context
_sercom_usart_interrupt_handler to store the received data in the
right ring buffer.
When the UART object is relocated to the long-lived heap, there's no
mechanism to re-point these internal pointers, so instead take the
cowardly way and allocate the UART object as long-lived.
Happily, almost all UART objects are likely to be long-lived, so
this is unlikely to have a negative effect on memory usage or heap
fragmentation.
Closes: #1056
Its slimmed down by removing the qstr and bit packing TCC info.
The trinket m0 build actually grows by 20 bytes. The arduino zero
build shrinks by 188 bytes.
This allows for the heap to fill all space but the stack. It also
allows us to designate space for memory outside the runtime for
things such as USB descriptors, flash cache and main filename.
Fixes#754
We now track the last time the background task ran and bail on the
PulseIn if it starves the background work. In practice, this
happens after the numbers from pulsein are no longer accurate.
This also adjusts interrupt priorities so most are the lowest level
except for the tick and USB interrupts.
Fixes#516 and #876
For some reason, when the GamePad is created from frozen code, the
get_pressed method would always return 0. This fixes it, and makes it
work properly no matter how the object was created.
Don't check the pin's pull direction on every tick, instead cache it
at the beginning. Also avoid a "can't get pull of output pin" error
when one of the pins passed is in output mode.
Use UNIX epoch to match CPython.
This overflows small int so time.{time,localtime,mktime} is only supported with long int.
Also remove some comment cruft in time_time().
I2SOut.
The API is almost the same except the frequency attribute has been
renamed to sample_rate so that its less likely to be confused with
frequencies within the audio itself.
Fixes#263.
Add an rtc module that provides a singleton RTC class with
- a datetime property to set and get time if the board supports it.
- a calbration property to adjust the clock.
There's also an rtc.set_time_source() method to override this RTC object using pure python.
The time module gets 3 methods:
- time.time()
- time.localtime()
- time.mktime()
The rtc timesource is used to provide time to the time module.
lib/timeutils is used for time conversions and thus only supports dates after 2000.
This evolves the API from 2.x (and breaks it). Playback devices are now
separate from the samples themselves. This allows for greater playback
flexibility. Two sample sources are audioio.RawSample and audioio.WaveFile.
They can both be mono or stereo. They can be output to audioio.AudioOut or
audiobusio.I2SOut.
Internally, the dma tracking has changed from a TC counting block transfers
to an interrupt generated by the block event sent to the EVSYS. This reduces
the overhead of each DMA transfer so multiple can occure without using up TCs.
Fixes#652. Fixes#522. Huge progress on #263
Building with gcc 5.4.1 (Debian Stretch) with the unsupported
-Wno-error=lto-type-mismatch flag removed, the following diagnostic
occurs:
../../py/builtin.h:121:19: error: type of 'circuitpython_help_text' does not match original declaration [-Werror]
extern const char MICROPY_PY_BUILTINS_HELP_TEXT[];
^
../../shared-bindings/help.c:38:13: note: previously declared here
const char *circuitpython_help_text =
^
lto1: all warnings being treated as errors
lto-wrapper: fatal error: /usr/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc returned 1 exit status
1. UART: ported to ASF4. Allow rx-only and tx-only. Add .baudrate r/w property.
2. Make NeoPixel timing deterministic by turning off caches during NeoPixel writes.
3. Incorporate asf4 updates:
a. async USART driver
b. bringing Atmel START configuration closer to what we use
c. Clock initialization order now specified by CIRCUITPY_GCLK_INIT_1ST and _LAST.
4. supervisor/port.c: Move commented-out clock-test pin setting to correct location.
all: Add .frequency read-only property for busio.SPI to return actual frequency.
Fix esp8266/posix_helpers.c, which was not up to date for the new
long-lived/short-lived heap allocation scheme.
shared_bindings/index.rst: updated Support Matrix format as discussed in PR #503 & Issue #448.
shared-bindings/microcontroller/Processor.c & .h: added UID lookup functionality for use with all ports. Fixes#462.
The example code for the gamepad module would skip detected
button presses in the code that waits for a button to be released,
because it would run it even when no button is pressed.
Also updated the example pin names to not use RX and TX.
shared-bindings/index.rst: added `aduiobusio` to Support Matrix. Used `audiobusio/_init_.c` to verify applicable ports; SAMD21 was the only one listed...ESP8266 wasn't. This fixes issue #448.
/docs/design_guide: added links to firmware build learning guides for SAMD21 & ESP8266. Changes were placed in the "Adding native modules" section, since that seemed to me the best place based on target audience.
Updated documentation for `delay()` which fixes#243.
Changes:
* New faster filter loop, by @ladyada. New filter coefficients as well.
* Turn on microphone clock when PDMIn object is created, and run it all the time, so the user code doesn't have to wait for microphone startup, which can be 10ms or even 100ms.
* Wait for microphone startup when PDMIn is first created, based on new optional parameter microphone_startup in seconds (takes a float).
* record() returns number of samples actually recorded, so you can see if it's not keeping up.
* Fix buffer overflow errors when buffer size was not a multiple of 16 or something like that.
* Tweak a few peripheral settings.
* Minimum sampling frequency is now 16kHZ or so, because 8kHz runs microphone at only 0.5MHz, which is too slow for many mics.
Note: I tried 128x oversampling instead of 64x, but the code cannot keep up at 24kHz or above sampling. 128x would reduce the high-frequency noise by 6db.
Also, fixed pin mappings for rev B Metro M4:
swap PA12 and PA13 on SPI 2x3 header
swap A3 and A5
Comment out all frozen modules in CPX again to make room while waiting
for SPI flash.
This is a C module with some low-level functions required for the
CircuitPython "stage" library. It provides support for fast
rendering of tile grids and sprites on SPI-based RGB displays.
* Added asf4_conf/samd*/hpl_sercom_config.h
* Adjusted clocks in peripheral_clk_config.h.
* Put some frozen libs back in CPX for testing.
* Implement common-hal I2C
* Add samd*_peripherals.h in parallel with samd*_pins.h for common
functions and data.
* Store SERCOM index in pins table for convenience.
* Canonicalize some #include guard names in various .h files.
simpler reset of SERCOMs; remove unused routine
This is mostly for convenience, so that user code doesn't
need to add additional checks.
Also, bring the bitbangio into compatibility with busio wrt. empty
buffers.
The readonly arg to storage.remount() is now a keyword arg that
defaults to False. To maintain backwards compatibility, readonly
can be passed as a positional arg or keyword arg.
* Add microcontroller.cpu, the sole instance of microcontroller.Processor.
microcontroller.cpu.frequency is the clock frequency, in Hz.
microcontroller.cpu.temperature is the reading from the internal temperature sensor, in Celsius. None if not available.
* Squeeze firmware size by using -finline-limit. Otherwise non-Express builds were slightly too big.
* Update submodules.
* Fix documentation glitches
* atmel-samd: Introduce a nvm module for non-volatile byte-level memory access.
This allows for persisting small configuration values even when the file system
is read-only from CircuitPython.
Fixes#160
* Review feedback:
* Add tests.
* Fix non-zero index.
* Fix len()
also initializes in the same way where it takes from a true random
source when available through os.urandom(). After initializing, it
produces deterministic results until the seed is set.
This replaces urandom!
Fixes#139.
Fixes for stmhal USB mass storage, lwIP bindings and VFS regressions
This release provides an important fix for the USB mass storage device in
the stmhal port by implementing the SCSI SYNCHRONIZE_CACHE command, which
is now require by some Operating Systems. There are also fixes for the
lwIP bindings to improve non-blocking sockets and error codes. The VFS has
some regressions fixed including the ability to statvfs the root.
All changes are listed below.
py core:
- modbuiltins: add core-provided version of input() function
- objstr: catch case of negative "maxsplit" arg to str.rsplit()
- persistentcode: allow to compile with complex numbers disabled
- objstr: allow to compile with obj-repr D, and unicode disabled
- modsys: allow to compile with obj-repr D and PY_ATTRTUPLE disabled
- provide mp_decode_uint_skip() to help reduce stack usage
- makeqstrdefs.py: make script run correctly with Python 2.6
- objstringio: if created from immutable object, follow copy on write policy
extmod:
- modlwip: connect: for non-blocking mode, return EINPROGRESS
- modlwip: fix error codes for duplicate calls to connect()
- modlwip: accept: fix error code for non-blocking mode
- vfs: allow to statvfs the root directory
- vfs: allow "buffering" and "encoding" args to VFS's open()
- modframebuf: fix signed/unsigned comparison pendantic warning
lib:
- libm: use isfinite instead of finitef, for C99 compatibility
- utils/interrupt_char: remove support for KBD_EXCEPTION disabled
tests:
- basics/string_rsplit: add tests for negative "maxsplit" argument
- float: convert "sys.exit()" to "raise SystemExit"
- float/builtin_float_minmax: PEP8 fixes
- basics: convert "sys.exit()" to "raise SystemExit"
- convert remaining "sys.exit()" to "raise SystemExit"
unix port:
- convert to use core-provided version of built-in import()
- Makefile: replace references to make with $(MAKE)
windows port:
- convert to use core-provided version of built-in import()
qemu-arm port:
- Makefile: adjust object-file lists to get correct dependencies
- enable micropython.mem_*() functions to allow more tests
stmhal port:
- boards: enable DAC for NUCLEO_F767ZI board
- add support for NUCLEO_F446RE board
- pass USB handler as parameter to allow more than one USB handler
- usb: use local USB handler variable in Start-of-Frame handler
- usb: make state for USB device private to top-level USB driver
- usbdev: for MSC implement SCSI SYNCHRONIZE_CACHE command
- convert from using stmhal's input() to core provided version
cc3200 port:
- convert from using stmhal's input() to core provided version
teensy port:
- convert from using stmhal's input() to core provided version
esp8266 port:
- Makefile: replace references to make with $(MAKE)
- Makefile: add clean-modules target
- convert from using stmhal's input() to core provided version
zephyr port:
- modusocket: getaddrinfo: Fix mp_obj_len() usage
- define MICROPY_PY_SYS_PLATFORM (to "zephyr")
- machine_pin: use native Zephyr types for Zephyr API calls
docs:
- machine.Pin: remove out_value() method
- machine.Pin: add on() and off() methods
- esp8266: consistently replace Pin.high/low methods with .on/off
- esp8266/quickref: polish Pin.on()/off() examples
- network: move confusingly-named cc3200 Server class to its reference
- uos: deconditionalize, remove minor port-specific details
- uos: move cc3200 port legacy VFS mounting functions to its ref doc
- machine: sort machine classes in logical order, not alphabetically
- network: first step to describe standard network class interface
examples:
- embedding: use core-provided KeyboardInterrupt object
Also, rename Direction.IN to Direction.INPUT and Direction.OUT to Direction.OUTPUT.
This simplifies using them. Prior to the nativeio split this would have led to
clutter in the top-level namespace but having digitalio prevents this.
Fixes#152
buffer from start, end and length. The old code miscomputed length
leading to writing and reading from memory past the end of the buffer.
Consolidating the code should make it easier to get right everywhere.
* Track status pin use by user code separately so it can take over the pins and then give them back.
* Switch to hardware SPI for APA102 on Gemma and Trinket.
* Merge microcontroller/types.h into microcontroller/Pin.h to better match approach going forwards.
This was done to allow greatly granularity when deciding what functionality
is built into each board's build. For example, this way pulseio can be
omitted to allow for something else such as touchio.
This class focuses on the timing sensitive parts of the protocol.
Everything else will be done by Python code.
This also establishes that its OK to back a nativeio class with a
bitbang implementation when no hardware acceleration exists. When
it does, then bitbangio should be used to explicitly bitbang a
protocol.
1) Bus error will be thrown on read/write errors with errno set. (Read didn't used to fail at all.)
2) try_lock correctly returns boolean whether lock was grabbed.
Fixes#87
* Always init SPI to 250k to start for SD cards.
* Add ability to configure byte written during read.
* Add ability to read and write to portions of buffers like existing I2C API.
You can either set it once up front, or set variable_frequency on custruction to
indicate that the frequency must be able to change. This informs whether a timer
can be shared amongst pins.
This also adds persistent clock calibration on atmel-samd. Once the device has
synced its clock frequency over USB it will remember that config value until USB
is used again. This helps ensure the clock frequency is similar on and off USB.
Lastly, this also corrects time.sleep() when on USB by correcting the tick counter.
This prevents corrupting previous functional objects by stealing their pins
out from under them. It prevents this by ensuring that pins are in default
state before claiming them. It also verifies pins are released correctly and
reset on soft reset.
Fixes#4, instantiating a second class will fail.
Fixes#29, pins are now reset too.
Docs are here: http://tannewt-micropython.readthedocs.io/en/microcontroller/
It differs from upstream's machine in the following ways:
* Python API is identical across ports due to code structure. (Lives in shared-bindings)
* Focuses on abstracting common functionality (AnalogIn) and not representing structure (ADC).
* Documentation lives with code making it easy to ensure they match.
* Pin is split into references (board.D13 and microcontroller.pin.PA17) and functionality (DigitalInOut).
* All nativeio classes claim underlying hardware resources when inited on construction, support Context Managers (aka with statements) and have deinit methods which release the claimed hardware.
* All constructors take pin references rather than peripheral ids. Its up to the implementation to find hardware or throw and exception.
on a per port basis.
Also enables generating docs from inline RST in C code. Simply omits all
lines except those that start with //|. Indentation after "//| " will be
preserved.
This commit also introduces a new shared-bindings directory which is used to store the common Python -> C binding code. By having a shared directory we can ensure that the Python API across ports is the same. Each port will have a corresponding common-hal directory which provides definitions for the C api used in the shared-bindings code. That way the compiler can enforce the C api.
To migrate to this new shared API create a common-hal directory within your port and change the Makefile to compile both the shared-bindings and common-hal files. See atmel-samd/Makefile SRC_BINDINGS for an example.
