NopSCADlib/vitamins/rail.scad

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//
// NopSCADlib Copyright Chris Palmer 2018
// nop.head@gmail.com
// hydraraptor.blogspot.com
//
// This file is part of NopSCADlib.
//
// NopSCADlib is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the
// GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of
// the License, or (at your option) any later version.
//
// NopSCADlib is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;
// without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
// See the GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with NopSCADlib.
// If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
//
//! Linear rails with carriages.
//
include <../utils/core/core.scad>
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use <screw.scad>
function rail_width(type) = type[1]; //! Width of rail section
function rail_height(type) = type[2]; //! Height of rail section
function rail_end(type) = type[3]; //! Minimum distance screw can be from the end
function rail_pitch(type) = type[4]; //! Distance between screws
function rail_bore(type) = type[5]; //! Counter bore diameter for screw head
function rail_hole(type) = type[6]; //! Screw hole diameter
function rail_bore_depth(type) = type[7]; //! Counter bore depth
function rail_screw(type) = type[8]; //! Screw type
function rail_end_screw(type) = type[9]; //! Screw used for ends only (Countersink used for better location)
function rail_groove_offset(type)=type[10]; //! Offset of centre of groove from top of rail
function rail_groove_width(type)=type[11]; //! Groove width
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function rail_screw_height(type, screw) = rail_height(type) - rail_bore_depth(type) + screw_head_depth(screw, rail_hole(type)); //! Position screw taking into account countersink into counterbored hole
function carriage_length(type) = type[0]; //! Overall length
function carriage_block_length(type) = type[1]; //! Length of the metal part
function carriage_width(type) = type[2]; //! Width of carriage
function carriage_height(type) = type[3]; //! Height of carriage
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function carriage_size(type) = [ type[0], type[2], type[3] ]; //! Size of carriage
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function carriage_clearance(type) = type[4]; //! Gap under the carriage
function carriage_pitch_x(type) = type[5]; //! Screw hole x pitch
function carriage_pitch_y(type) = type[6]; //! Screw hole y pitch
function carriage_screw(type) = type[7]; //! Carriage screw type
function carriage_rail(type) = type[8]; //! Rail type
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function carriage_screw_depth(type) = 2 * screw_radius(carriage_screw(type)); //! Carriage thread depth
function carriage_travel(type, rail_length) = rail_length - carriage_length(type); //! How far the carriage can travel on a given length rail
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function rail_holes(type, length) = //! Number of holes in a rail given its `length`
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floor((length - 2 * rail_end(type)) / rail_pitch(type)) + 1;
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module rail_hole_positions(type, length, first = 0, screws = 100, both_ends = true) { //! Position children over screw holes
pitch = rail_pitch(type);
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holes = rail_holes(type, length);
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last = first + min(screws, both_ends ? ceil(holes / 2) : holes);
for(i = [first : holes - 1], j = holes - 1 - i)
if(i < last || both_ends && (j >= first && j < last))
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translate([i * pitch - length / 2 + (length - (holes - 1) * pitch) / 2, 0])
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children();
}
module carriage_hole_positions(type) { //! Position children over screw holes
x_pitch = carriage_pitch_x(type);
y_pitch = carriage_pitch_y(type);
for(x = [-1, 1], y = [-1, 1])
if(x < 0 || x_pitch)
translate([x * x_pitch / 2, y * y_pitch / 2, carriage_height(type)])
children();
}
module carriage(type, end_colour = grey(20), wiper_colour = grey(20)) { //! Draw the specified carriage
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total_l = carriage_length(type);
block_l = carriage_block_length(type);
block_w = carriage_width(type);
block_h = carriage_height(type) - carriage_clearance(type);
end_w = block_w - 0.6;
end_h = block_h - 0.3;
end_l = (total_l - block_l)/ 2;
screw = carriage_screw(type);
screw_depth = carriage_screw_depth(type);
module cutout() {
w = rail_width(carriage_rail(type)) + 0.4;
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translate([-w / 2, 0])
square([w , rail_height(carriage_rail(type)) + 0.2]);
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}
color(grey(90)) {
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rotate([90, 0, 90])
linear_extrude(block_l, center = true)
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difference() {
translate([-block_w / 2, carriage_clearance(type)])
square([block_w, block_h - screw_depth]);
cutout();
}
translate_z(carriage_height(type) - screw_depth)
linear_extrude(screw_depth)
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difference() {
square([block_l, block_w], center = true);
carriage_hole_positions(type)
circle(screw_pilot_hole(screw));
}
}
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module carriage_end(type, end_w, end_h, end_l) {
wiper_length = 0.5;
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color(wiper_colour) translate_z(-end_l / 2) linear_extrude(wiper_length)
difference() {
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translate([-end_w / 2, carriage_clearance(type)])
square([end_w, end_h]);
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cutout();
}
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color(end_colour) translate_z(wiper_length-end_l / 2) linear_extrude(end_l - wiper_length)
difference() {
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translate([-end_w / 2, carriage_clearance(type)])
square([end_w, end_h]);
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cutout();
}
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}
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translate([-(block_l + end_l) / 2, 0])
rotate([90, 0, 90])
carriage_end(type, end_w, end_h, end_l);
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translate([(block_l + end_l) / 2, 0])
rotate([90, 0, -90])
carriage_end(type, end_w, end_h, end_l);
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}
module rail(type, length, colour = grey(90), use_polycircles = false) { //! Draw the specified rail
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width = rail_width(type);
height = rail_height(type);
vitamin(str("rail(", type[0], ", ", length, "): Linear rail ", type[0], " x ", length, "mm"));
color(colour) {
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rbr = rail_bore(type) / 2;
w = corrected_radius(rbr) * 2 + 2 * eps; // width of core big enough for the holes
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linear_extrude(height - rail_bore_depth(type)) difference() {
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square([length, w], center = true);
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rail_hole_positions(type, length)
if (use_polycircles)
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poly_circle(rail_hole(type) / 2);
else
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circle(d = rail_hole(type));
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}
translate_z(rail_height(type) - rail_bore_depth(type))
linear_extrude(rail_bore_depth(type)) difference() {
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square([length, w], center = true);
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rail_hole_positions(type, length)
if (use_polycircles)
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poly_circle(rbr);
else
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circle(rbr);
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}
go = height - rail_groove_offset(type);
gw = rail_groove_width(type);
gd = gw / 2;
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sw = (width - w) / 2;
for (m = [0, 1])
mirror([0, m, 0])
translate([0, -width / 2])
rotate([0, -90, 0])
linear_extrude(length, center = true)
polygon([ [0, 0], [0, sw], [height, sw], [height, 0], [go + gw/2, 0], [go, gd], [go - gw/2, 0] ]);
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}
}
module rail_assembly(carriage, length, pos, carriage_end_colour = grey(20), carriage_wiper_colour = grey(20)) { //! Rail and carriage assembly
rail(carriage_rail(carriage), length);
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translate([pos, 0])
carriage(carriage, carriage_end_colour, carriage_wiper_colour);
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}
module rail_screws(type, length, thickness, screws = 100, index_screws = undef) { //! Place screws in the rail
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screw = rail_screw(type);
end_screw = rail_end_screw(type);
screw_len = screw_longer_than(rail_screw_height(type, screw) + thickness);
end_screw_len = screw_longer_than(rail_screw_height(type, end_screw) + thickness);
index_screws = is_undef(index_screws) ? screws > 2 ? 1 : 2 : index_screws;
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translate_z(rail_screw_height(type, end_screw))
rail_hole_positions(type, length, 0, index_screws)
screw(end_screw, end_screw_len);
translate_z(rail_screw_height(type, screw))
rail_hole_positions(type, length, index_screws, screws - index_screws)
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screw(screw, screw_len);
}