docs: update FEDERATION.md to more closely follow FEP conventions. (#28838)

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## ActivityPub federation in Mastodon
# Federation
## Supported federation protocols and standards
- [ActivityPub](https://www.w3.org/TR/activitypub/) (Server-to-Server)
- [WebFinger](https://webfinger.net/)
- [Http Signatures](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-cavage-http-signatures)
- [NodeInfo](https://nodeinfo.diaspora.software/)
## Supported FEPs
- [FEP-67ff: FEDERATION.md](https://codeberg.org/fediverse/fep/src/branch/main/fep/67ff/fep-67ff.md)
- [FEP-f1d5: NodeInfo in Fediverse Software](https://codeberg.org/fediverse/fep/src/branch/main/fep/f1d5/fep-f1d5.md)
- [FEP-8fcf: Followers collection synchronization across servers](https://codeberg.org/fediverse/fep/src/branch/main/fep/8fcf/fep-8fcf.md)
- [FEP-5feb: Search indexing consent for actors](https://codeberg.org/fediverse/fep/src/branch/main/fep/5feb/fep-5feb.md)
## ActivityPub in Mastodon
Mastodon largely follows the ActivityPub server-to-server specification but it makes uses of some non-standard extensions, some of which are required for interacting with Mastodon at all.
Supported vocabulary: https://docs.joinmastodon.org/spec/activitypub/
- [Supported ActivityPub vocabulary](https://docs.joinmastodon.org/spec/activitypub/)
### Required extensions
#### Webfinger
#### WebFinger
In Mastodon, users are identified by a `username` and `domain` pair (e.g., `Gargron@mastodon.social`).
This is used both for discovery and for unambiguously mentioning users across the fediverse. Furthermore, this is part of Mastodon's database design from its very beginnings.
As a result, Mastodon requires that each ActivityPub actor uniquely maps back to an `acct:` URI that can be resolved via WebFinger.
More information and examples are available at: https://docs.joinmastodon.org/spec/webfinger/
- [WebFinger information and examples](https://docs.joinmastodon.org/spec/webfinger/)
#### HTTP Signatures
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Mastodon requires all `POST` requests to be signed, and MAY require `GET` requests to be signed, depending on the configuration of the Mastodon server.
More information on HTTP Signatures, as well as examples, can be found here: https://docs.joinmastodon.org/spec/security/#http
- [HTTP Signatures information and examples](https://docs.joinmastodon.org/spec/security/#http)
### Optional extensions
- Linked-Data Signatures: https://docs.joinmastodon.org/spec/security/#ld
- Bearcaps: https://docs.joinmastodon.org/spec/bearcaps/
- Followers collection synchronization: https://codeberg.org/fediverse/fep/src/branch/main/fep/8fcf/fep-8fcf.md
- Search indexing consent for actors: https://codeberg.org/fediverse/fep/src/branch/main/fep/5feb/fep-5feb.md
- [Linked-Data Signatures](https://docs.joinmastodon.org/spec/security/#ld)
- [Bearcaps](https://docs.joinmastodon.org/spec/bearcaps/)
### Additional documentation
- [Mastodon documentation](https://docs.joinmastodon.org/)