circuitpython/docs/library/collections.rst
Jim Mussared c737cde947 docs: Replace ufoo with foo in all docs.
Anywhere a module is mentioned, use its "non-u" name for consistency.

The "import module" vs "import umodule" is something of a FAQ, and this
commit intends to help clear that up.  As a first approximation MicroPython
is Python, and so imports should work the same as Python and use the same
name, to a first approximation.  The u-version of a module is a detail that
can be learned later on, when the user wants to understand more and have
finer control over importing.

Existing Python code should just work, as much as it is possible to do that
within the constraints of embedded systems, and the MicroPython
documentation should match the idiomatic way to write Python code.

With universal weak links for modules (via MICROPY_MODULE_WEAK_LINKS) users
can consistently use "import foo" across all ports (with the exception of
the minimal ports).  And the ability to override/extend via "foo.py"
continues to work well.

Signed-off-by: Jim Mussared <jim.mussared@gmail.com>
2021-08-13 22:53:29 +10:00

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:mod:`collections` -- collection and container types
====================================================
.. module:: collections
:synopsis: collection and container types
|see_cpython_module| :mod:`python:collections`.
This module implements advanced collection and container types to
hold/accumulate various objects.
Classes
-------
.. function:: deque(iterable, maxlen[, flags])
Deques (double-ended queues) are a list-like container that support O(1)
appends and pops from either side of the deque. New deques are created
using the following arguments:
- *iterable* must be the empty tuple, and the new deque is created empty.
- *maxlen* must be specified and the deque will be bounded to this
maximum length. Once the deque is full, any new items added will
discard items from the opposite end.
- The optional *flags* can be 1 to check for overflow when adding items.
As well as supporting `bool` and `len`, deque objects have the following
methods:
.. method:: deque.append(x)
Add *x* to the right side of the deque.
Raises IndexError if overflow checking is enabled and there is no more room left.
.. method:: deque.popleft()
Remove and return an item from the left side of the deque.
Raises IndexError if no items are present.
.. function:: namedtuple(name, fields)
This is factory function to create a new namedtuple type with a specific
name and set of fields. A namedtuple is a subclass of tuple which allows
to access its fields not just by numeric index, but also with an attribute
access syntax using symbolic field names. Fields is a sequence of strings
specifying field names. For compatibility with CPython it can also be a
a string with space-separated field named (but this is less efficient).
Example of use::
from collections import namedtuple
MyTuple = namedtuple("MyTuple", ("id", "name"))
t1 = MyTuple(1, "foo")
t2 = MyTuple(2, "bar")
print(t1.name)
assert t2.name == t2[1]
.. function:: OrderedDict(...)
``dict`` type subclass which remembers and preserves the order of keys
added. When ordered dict is iterated over, keys/items are returned in
the order they were added::
from collections import OrderedDict
# To make benefit of ordered keys, OrderedDict should be initialized
# from sequence of (key, value) pairs.
d = OrderedDict([("z", 1), ("a", 2)])
# More items can be added as usual
d["w"] = 5
d["b"] = 3
for k, v in d.items():
print(k, v)
Output::
z 1
a 2
w 5
b 3