209 lines
6.9 KiB
ReStructuredText
209 lines
6.9 KiB
ReStructuredText
*******************************
|
||
:mod:`usocket` -- socket module
|
||
*******************************
|
||
|
||
.. module:: usocket
|
||
:synopsis: socket module
|
||
|
||
This module provides access to the BSD socket interface.
|
||
|
||
See corresponding `CPython module <https://docs.python.org/3/library/socket.html>`_ for
|
||
comparison.
|
||
|
||
Socket address format(s)
|
||
------------------------
|
||
|
||
Functions below which expect a network address, accept it in the format of
|
||
`(ipv4_address, port)`, where `ipv4_address` is a string with dot-notation numeric
|
||
IPv4 address, e.g. ``"8.8.8.8"``, and port is integer port number in the range
|
||
1-65535. Note the domain names are not accepted as `ipv4_address`, they should be
|
||
resolved first using ``socket.getaddrinfo()``.
|
||
|
||
Functions
|
||
---------
|
||
|
||
.. function:: socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM, socket.IPPROTO_TCP)
|
||
|
||
Create a new socket using the given address family, socket type and protocol number.
|
||
|
||
.. only:: port_wipy
|
||
|
||
.. note::
|
||
|
||
SSL sockets need to be created the following way before wrapping them with
|
||
``ssl.wrap_socket``::
|
||
|
||
import socket
|
||
import ssl
|
||
s = socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM, socket.IPPROTO_SEC)
|
||
ss = ssl.wrap_socket(s)
|
||
|
||
.. function:: socket.getaddrinfo(host, port)
|
||
|
||
Translate the host/port argument into a sequence of 5-tuples that contain all the
|
||
necessary arguments for creating a socket connected to that service. The list of
|
||
5-tuples has following structure::
|
||
|
||
(family, type, proto, canonname, sockaddr)
|
||
|
||
The following example shows how to connect to a given url::
|
||
|
||
s = socket.socket()
|
||
s.connect(socket.getaddrinfo('www.micropython.org', 80)[0][-1])
|
||
|
||
.. only:: port_wipy
|
||
|
||
Exceptions
|
||
----------
|
||
|
||
.. data:: socket.error
|
||
.. data:: socket.timeout
|
||
|
||
Constants
|
||
---------
|
||
|
||
.. data:: socket.AF_INET
|
||
|
||
family types
|
||
|
||
.. data:: socket.SOCK_STREAM
|
||
.. data:: socket.SOCK_DGRAM
|
||
|
||
socket types
|
||
|
||
.. data:: socket.IPPROTO_UDP
|
||
.. data:: socket.IPPROTO_TCP
|
||
.. only:: port_wipy
|
||
|
||
.. data:: socket.IPPROTO_SEC
|
||
|
||
protocol numbers
|
||
|
||
class socket
|
||
============
|
||
|
||
Methods
|
||
-------
|
||
|
||
.. method:: socket.close
|
||
|
||
Mark the socket closed. Once that happens, all future operations on the socket
|
||
object will fail. The remote end will receive no more data (after queued data is flushed).
|
||
|
||
Sockets are automatically closed when they are garbage-collected, but it is recommended
|
||
to close() them explicitly, or to use a with statement around them.
|
||
|
||
.. method:: socket.bind(address)
|
||
|
||
Bind the socket to address. The socket must not already be bound.
|
||
|
||
.. method:: socket.listen([backlog])
|
||
|
||
Enable a server to accept connections. If backlog is specified, it must be at least 0
|
||
(if it's lower, it will be set to 0); and specifies the number of unaccepted connections
|
||
tha the system will allow before refusing new connections. If not specified, a default
|
||
reasonable value is chosen.
|
||
|
||
.. method:: socket.accept()
|
||
|
||
Accept a connection. The socket must be bound to an address and listening for connections.
|
||
The return value is a pair (conn, address) where conn is a new socket object usable to send
|
||
and receive data on the connection, and address is the address bound to the socket on the
|
||
other end of the connection.
|
||
|
||
.. method:: socket.connect(address)
|
||
|
||
Connect to a remote socket at address.
|
||
|
||
.. method:: socket.send(bytes)
|
||
|
||
Send data to the socket. The socket must be connected to a remote socket.
|
||
|
||
.. method:: socket.sendall(bytes)
|
||
|
||
Send data to the socket. The socket must be connected to a remote socket.
|
||
|
||
.. method:: socket.recv(bufsize)
|
||
|
||
Receive data from the socket. The return value is a bytes object representing the data
|
||
received. The maximum amount of data to be received at once is specified by bufsize.
|
||
|
||
.. method:: socket.sendto(bytes, address)
|
||
|
||
Send data to the socket. The socket should not be connected to a remote socket, since the
|
||
destination socket is specified by `address`.
|
||
|
||
.. method:: socket.recvfrom(bufsize)
|
||
|
||
Receive data from the socket. The return value is a pair (bytes, address) where bytes is a
|
||
bytes object representing the data received and address is the address of the socket sending
|
||
the data.
|
||
|
||
.. method:: socket.setsockopt(level, optname, value)
|
||
|
||
Set the value of the given socket option. The needed symbolic constants are defined in the
|
||
socket module (SO_* etc.). The value can be an integer or a bytes-like object representing
|
||
a buffer.
|
||
|
||
.. method:: socket.settimeout(value)
|
||
|
||
Set a timeout on blocking socket operations. The value argument can be a nonnegative floating
|
||
point number expressing seconds, or None. If a non-zero value is given, subsequent socket operations
|
||
will raise a timeout exception if the timeout period value has elapsed before the operation has
|
||
completed. If zero is given, the socket is put in non-blocking mode. If None is given, the socket
|
||
is put in blocking mode.
|
||
|
||
.. method:: socket.setblocking(flag)
|
||
|
||
Set blocking or non-blocking mode of the socket: if flag is false, the socket is set to non-blocking,
|
||
else to blocking mode.
|
||
|
||
This method is a shorthand for certain ``settimeout()`` calls::
|
||
|
||
sock.setblocking(True) is equivalent to sock.settimeout(None)
|
||
sock.setblocking(False) is equivalent to sock.settimeout(0.0)
|
||
|
||
.. method:: socket.makefile(mode='rb')
|
||
|
||
Return a file object associated with the socket. The exact returned type depends on the arguments
|
||
given to makefile(). The support is limited to binary modes only ('rb' and 'wb').
|
||
CPython's arguments: ``encoding``, ``errors`` and ``newline`` are not supported.
|
||
|
||
The socket must be in blocking mode; it can have a timeout, but the file object’s internal buffer
|
||
may end up in a inconsistent state if a timeout occurs.
|
||
|
||
.. admonition:: Difference to CPython
|
||
:class: attention
|
||
|
||
Closing the file object returned by makefile() WILL close the
|
||
original socket as well.
|
||
|
||
.. method:: socket.read(size)
|
||
|
||
Read up to size bytes from the socket. Return a bytes object. If ``size`` is not given, it
|
||
behaves just like ``socket.readall()``, see below.
|
||
|
||
.. method:: socket.readall()
|
||
|
||
Read all data available from the socket until ``EOF``. This function will not return until
|
||
the socket is closed.
|
||
|
||
.. method:: socket.readinto(buf[, nbytes])
|
||
|
||
Read bytes into the ``buf``. If ``nbytes`` is specified then read at most
|
||
that many bytes. Otherwise, read at most ``len(buf)`` bytes.
|
||
|
||
Return value: number of bytes read and stored into ``buf``.
|
||
|
||
.. method:: socket.readline()
|
||
|
||
Read a line, ending in a newline character.
|
||
|
||
Return value: the line read.
|
||
|
||
.. method:: socket.write(buf)
|
||
|
||
Write the buffer of bytes to the socket.
|
||
|
||
Return value: number of bytes written.
|