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This improves performance of running python code by 34%, based on the "pystone" benchmark on metro m4 express at 5000 passes (1127.65 -> 1521.6 passes/second). In addition, by instrumenting the tick function and monitoring on an oscilloscope, the time actually spent in run_background_tasks() on the metro m4 decreases from average 43% to 0.5%. (however, there's some additional overhead that is moved around and not accounted for in that "0.5%" figure, each time supervisor_run_background_tasks_if_tick is called but no tick has occurred) On the CPB, it increases pystone from 633 to 769, a smaller percentage increase of 21%. I did not measure the time actually spent in run_background_tasks() on CPB. Testing performed: on metro m4 and cpb, run pystone adapted from python3.4 (change time.time to time.monotonic for sub-second resolution) Besides running a 5000 pass test, I also ran a 50-pass test while scoping how long an output pin was set. Average: 34.59ms or 1445/s on m4, 67.61ms or 739/s on cbp, both matching the other pystone result reasonably well. import pystone import board import digitalio import time d = digitalio.DigitalInOut(board.D13) d.direction = digitalio.Direction.OUTPUT while True: d.value = 0 time.sleep(.01) d.value = 1 pystone.main(50)