82 lines
2.6 KiB
ReStructuredText
82 lines
2.6 KiB
ReStructuredText
Network basics
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==============
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The network module is used to configure the WiFi connection. There are two WiFi
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interfaces, one for the station (when the ESP8266 connects to a router) and one
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for the access point (for other devices to connect to the ESP8266). Create
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instances of these objects using::
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>>> import network
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>>> sta_if = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
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>>> ap_if = network.WLAN(network.AP_IF)
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You can check if the interfaces are active by::
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>>> sta_if.active()
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False
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>>> ap_if.active()
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True
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You can also check the network settings of the interface by::
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>>> ap.ifconfig()
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('192.168.4.1', '255.255.255.0', '192.168.4.1', '8.8.8.8')
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The returned values are: IP address, netmask, gateway, DNS.
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Configuration of the WiFi
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-------------------------
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Upon a fresh install the ESP8266 is configured in access point mode, so the
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AP_IF interface is active and the STA_IF interface is inactive. You can
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configure the module to connect to your own network using the STA_IF interface.
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First activate the station interface::
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>>> sta_if.active(True)
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Then connect to your WiFi network::
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>>> sta_if.connect('<your ESSID>', '<your password>')
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To check if the connection is established use::
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>>> sta_if.isconnected()
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Once established you can check the IP address::
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>>> sta_if.ifconfig()
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('192.168.0.2', '255.255.255.0', '192.168.0.1', '8.8.8.8')
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You can then disable the access-point interface if you no longer need it::
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>>> ap_if.active(False)
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Here is a function you can run (or put in your boot.py file) to automatically
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connect to your WiFi network::
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def do_connect():
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import network
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sta_if = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
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if not sta_if.isconnected():
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print('connecting to network...')
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sta_if.active(True)
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sta_if.connect('<essid>', '<password>')
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while not sta_if.isconnected():
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pass
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print('network config:', sta_if.ifconfig())
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Sockets
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-------
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Once the WiFi is set up the way to access the network is by using sockets.
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A socket represents an endpoint on a network device, and when two sockets are
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connected together communication can proceed.
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Internet protocols are built on top of sockets, such as email (SMTP), the web
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(HTTP), telnet, ssh, among many others. Each of these protocols is assigned
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a specific port, which is just an integer. Given an IP address and a port
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number you can connect to a remote device and start talking with it.
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The next part of the tutorial discusses how to use sockets to do some common
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and useful network tasks.
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