416 lines
12 KiB
ReStructuredText
416 lines
12 KiB
ReStructuredText
.. _renesas-ra_quickref:
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Quick reference for the Renesas RA
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==================================
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.. image:: img/ek_ra6m2_board.jpg
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:alt: Renesas Evaluation Kit for RA6M2 MCU Group
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:width: 640px
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The Renesas EK-RA6M2 board.
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Below is a quick reference for the Renesas RA boards. If it is your first time
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working with this board, it may be useful to get an overview of the microcontroller and the board:
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.. toctree::
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:maxdepth: 1
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general.rst
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tutorial/index.rst
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Installing MicroPython
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----------------------
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See the corresponding section of tutorial: :ref:`renesas-ra_intro`. It also includes a troubleshooting subsection.
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General board control
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---------------------
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The MicroPython REPL is accessed via the USB serial port. Tab-completion is useful to find out what methods an object has. Paste mode (ctrl-E) is useful to paste a large slab of Python code into the REPL. Some of features are not implemented for Renesas RA boards yet, please refer to the tutorial for more details.
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The :mod:`machine` module::
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import machine
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machine.freq() # get the current frequency of the CPU
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Following functions are supported::
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machine.freq()
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machine.reset()
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machine.soft_reset()
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machine.unique_id()
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Following functions are not supported at the present::
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machine.reset_cause()
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machine.bootloader([value])
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machine.disable_irq()
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machine.enable_irq(state)
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machine.freq([hz])
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machine.idle()
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machine.sleep()
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machine.lightsleep()
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machine.lightsleep([time_ms])
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machine.deepsleep()
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machine.deepsleep([time_ms])
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machine.wake_reason()
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machine.time_pulse_us(pin, pulse_level, timeout_us=1000000,/)
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machine.bitstream(pin, encoding, timing, data, /)
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machine.rng()
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Delay and timing
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----------------
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Use the :mod:`time <time>` module::
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import time
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time.sleep(1) # sleep for 1 second
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time.sleep_ms(500) # sleep for 500 milliseconds
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time.sleep_us(10) # sleep for 10 microseconds
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start = time.ticks_ms() # get value of millisecond counter
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delta = time.ticks_diff(time.ticks_ms(), start) # compute time difference
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Timers
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------
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The RA MCU's system timer peripheral provides a global microsecond timebase and generates interrupts for it. The software timer is available currently and there are unlimited number of them (memory permitting). There is no need to specify the timer id (id=-1 is supported at the moment) as it will default to this.
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Use the :mod:`machine.Timer` class::
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from machine import Timer
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tim = Timer(-1)
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tim.init(period=5000, mode=Timer.ONE_SHOT, callback=lambda t:print(1))
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tim.init(period=2000, mode=Timer.PERIODIC, callback=lambda t: print(2))
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Following functions are not supported at the present::
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Timer(id) # hardware timer is not supported.
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Pins and GPIO
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-------------
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Use the :ref:`machine.Pin <machine.Pin>` class::
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from machine import Pin
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p0 = Pin('P000', Pin.OUT) # create output pin on P000
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p0.on() # set pin to "on" (high) level
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p0.off() # set pin to "off" (low) level
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p0.value(1) # set pin to on/high
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p2 = Pin(Pin.cpu.P002, Pin.IN) # create input pin on P002
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print(p2.value()) # get value, 0 or 1
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p4 = Pin('P004', Pin.PULL_UP) # enable internal pull-up register
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p5 = Pin('P005', Pin.OUT, value=1) # set pin high on creation
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Pin id is available corresponding to the RA MCU's pin name which are Pin.cpu.P106 and 'P106'. The RA MCU has many feature's pins. However, there are some cases that pin feature is fixed or not connected by the board. Please confirm the board manual for the pin mapping.
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UART (serial bus)
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-----------------
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The RA MCU has some hardware UARTs called SCI (Serial Communication Interface).
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UART id is available corresponding to the RA MCU's SCI number which are UART(0) as SCI0 and UART(1) as SCI1.
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See :ref:`machine.UART <machine.UART>`. ::
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from machine import UART
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uart1 = UART(1, 115200)
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uart1.write('hello') # write 5 bytes
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uart1.read(5) # read up to 5 bytes
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Available UARTs and pins on the board are fixed and follows. One of these UARTs is used for REPL.
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============= ============== ============== ==============
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EK-RA4M1 UART0(REPL) UART1 UART2
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============= ============== ============== ==============
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tx P411 P401 P302
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rx P410 P402 P301
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============= ============== ============== ==============
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============= ============== ============== ==============
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EK-RA4W1 UART1 UART4(REPL) UART9
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============= ============== ============== ==============
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tx P213 P204 P109
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rx P212 P206 P110
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============= ============== ============== ==============
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============= ============== ============== ==============
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EK-RA6M1 UART0(REPL) UART2 UART8
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============= ============== ============== ==============
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tx P411 P302 P105
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rx P410 P301 P104
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============= ============== ============== ==============
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============= ============== ============== ==============
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EK-RA6M2 UART0(REPL) UART7 UART9
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============= ============== ============== ==============
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tx P411 P401 P602
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rx P410 P402 P601
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============= ============== ============== ==============
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============= ============== ==============
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RA4M1-CLICKER UART0 UART1(REPL)
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============= ============== ==============
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tx P411 P401
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rx P410 P402
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============= ============== ==============
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Following functions are not supported at the present::
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UART.init(baudrate) # now only 115200 is confirmed
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UART.init(cts, rts) # Pins are fixed.
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UART.init(invert)
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UART.init(tx,rx) # Pins are fixed.
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UART.init(txbuf)
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UART.init(flow)
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UART.irq(handler)
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UART.irq(trigger=RX_ANY)
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UART.irq(priority)
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UART.irq(wake=machine.IDLE)
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Real time clock (RTC)
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---------------------
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See :ref:`machine.RTC <machine.RTC>` ::
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from machine import RTC
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rtc = RTC()
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rtc.datetime((2017, 8, 23, 1, 12, 48, 0, 0)) # set a specific date and time
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# time, eg 2017/8/23 1:12:48
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rtc.datetime() # get date and time
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Following functions are not supported at the present::
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RTC.init(datetime)
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RTC.now()
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RTC.deinit()
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RTC.alarm()
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RTC.alarm_left()
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RTC.cancel()
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RTC.irq()
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ADC (analog to digital conversion)
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----------------------------------
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See :ref:`machine.ADC <machine.ADC>` ::
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from machine import ADC
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adc = ADC('P000') # create an ADC object acting on a pin
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adc.read_u16() # read a raw analog value in the range 0-65535
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Pin id is available corresponding to the RA MCU's pin name which are 'P000' as AN000 (analog channel 000). The RA MCU has many analog channels. However, there are some cases that pin feature is fixed or not available by the board. Please confirm the MCU and board manual for the pin mapping.
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Following functions are not supported at the present::
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ADC.init()
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ADC(sample_ns)
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ADC(atten)
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ADC.read_uv()
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ADC.block()
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SPI bus
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-------
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The RA MCU has some hardware SPIs (Serial Peripheral Interface).
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SPI id is available corresponding to the RA MCU's SPI number which are SPI(0) as SPI0 and SPI(1) as SPI1. If with no additional parameters, machine.SoftSPI() is called.
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See :ref:`machine.SPI <machine.SPI>`. ::
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from machine import SPI, Pin
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spi = SPI(0, baudrate=500000)
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cs = Pin.cpu.P103
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cs(0)
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spi.write(b"12345678")
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cs(1)
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Available SPIs and pins on the board are fixed and follows.
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============= ====
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EK-RA4M1 SPI0
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============= ====
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sck P102
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mosi P101
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miso P100
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cs P206
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============= ====
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============= ====
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EK-RA4W1 SPI0
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============= ====
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sck P102
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mosi P101
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miso P100
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cs P103
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============= ====
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============= ====
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EK-RA6M1 SPI0
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============= ====
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sck P102
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mosi P101
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miso P100
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cs P103
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============= ====
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============= ==== ====
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EK-RA6M2 SPI0 SPI1
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============= ==== ====
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sck P102 P702
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mosi P101 P701
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miso P100 P700
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cs P103 P703
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============= ==== ====
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============= ====
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RA4M1-CLICKER SPI0
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============= ====
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sck P102
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mosi P101
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miso P100
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cs P103
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============= ====
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Following functions are not supported at the present::
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SPI.init(firstbit) # now fixed with SPI.LSB
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SPI.init(baudrate) # now confirmed only 500000
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I2C bus
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-------
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The RA MCU has some hardware IIC (Inter-Integrated Circuit Bus).
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I2C id is available corresponding to the RA MCU's I2C number which are I2C(0) as IIC0 and I2C(1) as IIC1. If with no additional parameters, machine.SoftI2C() is called.
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See :ref:`machine.I2C <machine.I2C>` ::
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from machine import I2C
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i2c = I2C(0)
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i2c.scan() # returns list of slave addresses
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i2c.readfrom_mem(0x50, 0x10, 2, addrsize=16) # read 2 bytes from slave 0x50, slave memory 0x10
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Available I2Cs and pins on the board are fixed and follows.
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============= =============
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EK-RA4M1 -
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============= =============
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scl not supported
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sda not supported
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============= =============
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============= ====
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EK-RA4W1 I2C0
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============= ====
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scl P204
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sda P407
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============= ====
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============= ====
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EK-RA6M1 I2C0
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============= ====
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scl P400
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sda P401
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============= ====
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============= ====
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EK-RA6M2 I2C2
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============= ====
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scl P512
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sda P511
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============= ====
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============= ====
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RA4M1-CLICKER I2C1
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============= ====
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scl P205
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sda P206
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============= ====
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Following functions are not supported at the present::
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I2C.init(freq) # now confirmed only 400000
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I2C.deinit()
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I2C.start()
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I2C.stop()
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PWM (pulse width modulation)
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----------------------------
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PWM is not supported.
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WDT (Watchdog timer)
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--------------------
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WDT is not supported.
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SDCard
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------
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The frozen sdcard driver (drivers/sdcard/sdcard.py) is available by connecting microSD card device to hardware SPI0 pins.::
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from machine import Pin, SPI
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import os, sdcard
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spi = SPI(0, baudrate=500000)
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cs = Pin.cpu.P103
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sd = sdcard.SDCard(spi, cs)
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os.mount(sd, '/sd')
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os.listdir('/')
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os.chdir('/sd')
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os.umount('/sd')
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OneWire driver
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--------------
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The OneWire driver is implemented in software and works on all pins::
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from machine import Pin
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import onewire
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ow = onewire.OneWire(Pin(P012)) # create a OneWire bus on P012
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ow.scan() # return a list of devices on the bus
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ow.reset() # reset the bus
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ow.readbyte() # read a byte
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ow.writebyte(0x12) # write a byte on the bus
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ow.write('123') # write bytes on the bus
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ow.select_rom(b'12345678') # select a specific device by its ROM code
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There is a specific driver for DS18S20 and DS18B20 devices::
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import time, ds18x20
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ds = ds18x20.DS18X20(ow)
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roms = ds.scan()
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ds.convert_temp()
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time.sleep_ms(750)
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for rom in roms:
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print(ds.read_temp(rom))
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Be sure to put a 4.7k pull-up resistor on the data line. Note that
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the ``convert_temp()`` method must be called each time you want to
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sample the temperature.
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NeoPixel and APA106 driver
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--------------------------
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NeoPixel is not supported currently.
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