/*
 * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
 *
 * The MIT License (MIT)
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2016 Scott Shawcroft for Adafruit Industries
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
 * THE SOFTWARE.
 */
#include "hpl_gpio.h"

#include "py/mphal.h"

#include "shared-bindings/neopixel_write/__init__.h"

#include "tick.h"

#ifdef SAMD51
#include "hri/hri_cmcc_d51.h"
#include "hri/hri_nvmctrl_d51.h"

// This magical macro makes sure the delay isn't optimized out and is the
// minimal three instructions.
#define delay_cycles(cycles) \
{ \
    uint32_t t; \
    asm volatile ( \
        "movs %[t], %[c]\n\t" \
        "loop%=:\n\t" \
        "subs	%[t], #1\n\t" \
        "bne.n  loop%=" : [t] "=r"(t) : [c] "I" (cycles)); \
    }
#endif

// Ensure this code is compiled with -Os. Any other optimization level may change the timing of it
// and break neopixels.
#pragma GCC push_options
#pragma GCC optimize ("Os")

uint64_t next_start_tick_ms = 0;
uint32_t next_start_tick_us = 1000;

void common_hal_neopixel_write(const digitalio_digitalinout_obj_t* digitalinout, uint8_t *pixels, uint32_t numBytes) {
    // This is adapted directly from the Adafruit NeoPixel library SAMD21G18A code:
    // https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_NeoPixel/blob/master/Adafruit_NeoPixel.cpp
    uint8_t  *ptr, *end, p, bitMask;
    uint32_t  pinMask;
    PortGroup* port;

    // This must be called while interrupts are on in case we're waiting for a
    // future ms tick.
    wait_until(next_start_tick_ms, next_start_tick_us);

    // Turn off interrupts of any kind during timing-sensitive code.
    mp_hal_disable_all_interrupts();


    #ifdef SAMD21
    // Make sure the NVM cache is consistently timed.
    NVMCTRL->CTRLB.bit.READMODE = NVMCTRL_CTRLB_READMODE_DETERMINISTIC_Val;
    #endif

    #ifdef SAMD51
    // When this routine is positioned at certain addresses, the timing logic
    // below can be too fast by about 2.5x. This is some kind of (un)fortunate code
    // positiong with respect to a cache line.
    // Theoretically we should turn on off the CMCC caches and the
    // NVM caches to ensure consistent timing. Testing shows the the NVMCTRL
    // cache disabling seems to make the difference. But turn both off to make sure.
    // It's difficult to test because additions to the code before the timing loop
    // below change instruction placement. Testing was done by adding cache changes
    // below the loop (so only the first time through is wrong).
    //
    // Turn off instruction, data, and NVM caches to force consistent timing.
    // Invalidate existing cache entries.
    hri_cmcc_set_CFG_reg(CMCC, CMCC_CFG_DCDIS | CMCC_CFG_ICDIS);
    hri_cmcc_write_MAINT0_reg(CMCC, CMCC_MAINT0_INVALL);
    hri_nvmctrl_set_CTRLA_CACHEDIS0_bit(NVMCTRL);
    hri_nvmctrl_set_CTRLA_CACHEDIS1_bit(NVMCTRL);
   #endif

    uint32_t pin = digitalinout->pin->number;
    port    =  &PORT->Group[GPIO_PORT(pin)];  // Convert GPIO # to port register
    pinMask =  (1UL << (pin % 32));  // From port_pin_set_output_level ASF code.
    ptr     =  pixels;
    end     =  ptr + numBytes;
    p       = *ptr++;
    bitMask =  0x80;

    volatile uint32_t *set = &(port->OUTSET.reg),
                      *clr = &(port->OUTCLR.reg);

    for(;;) {
        *set = pinMask;
        // This is the time where the line is always high regardless of the bit.
        // For the SK6812 its 0.3us +- 0.15us
        #ifdef SAMD21
        asm("nop; nop;");
        #endif
        #ifdef SAMD51
        delay_cycles(2);
        #endif
        if((p & bitMask) != 0) {
            // This is the high delay unique to a one bit.
            // For the SK6812 its 0.3us
            #ifdef SAMD21
            asm("nop; nop; nop; nop; nop; nop; nop;");
            #endif
            #ifdef SAMD51
            delay_cycles(3);
            #endif
            *clr = pinMask;
        } else {
            *clr = pinMask;
            // This is the low delay unique to a zero bit.
            // For the SK6812 its 0.3us
            #ifdef SAMD21
            asm("nop; nop;");
            #endif
            #ifdef SAMD51
            delay_cycles(2);
            #endif
        }
        if((bitMask >>= 1) != 0) {
            // This is the delay between bits in a byte and is the 1 code low
            // level time from the datasheet.
            // For the SK6812 its 0.6us +- 0.15us
            #ifdef SAMD21
            asm("nop; nop; nop; nop; nop;");
            #endif
            #ifdef SAMD51
            delay_cycles(4);
            #endif
        } else {
            if(ptr >= end) break;
            p       = *ptr++;
            bitMask = 0x80;
            // This is the delay between bytes. It's similar to the other branch
            // in the if statement except its tuned to account for the time the
            // above operations take.
            // For the SK6812 its 0.6us +- 0.15us
            #ifdef SAMD51
            delay_cycles(3);
            #endif
        }
    }

    #ifdef SAMD21
    // Speed up! (But inconsistent timing.)
    NVMCTRL->CTRLB.bit.READMODE = NVMCTRL_CTRLB_READMODE_NO_MISS_PENALTY_Val;
    #endif

    #ifdef SAMD51
    // Turn instruction, data, and NVM caches back on.
    hri_cmcc_clear_CFG_reg(CMCC, CMCC_CFG_DCDIS | CMCC_CFG_ICDIS);
    hri_nvmctrl_clear_CTRLA_CACHEDIS0_bit(NVMCTRL);
    hri_nvmctrl_clear_CTRLA_CACHEDIS1_bit(NVMCTRL);

    #endif

    // ticks_ms may be out of date at this point because we stopped the
    // interrupt. We'll risk it anyway.
    current_tick(&next_start_tick_ms, &next_start_tick_us);
    if (next_start_tick_us < 100) {
        next_start_tick_ms += 1;
        next_start_tick_us = 100 - next_start_tick_us;
    } else {
        next_start_tick_us -= 100;
    }

    // Turn on interrupts after timing-sensitive code.
    mp_hal_enable_all_interrupts();

}

#pragma GCC pop_options