From 5f082561b32ea010b9bd2a2f797d577d037cae46 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Scott Shawcroft <scott@tannewt.org>
Date: Thu, 20 Jul 2023 11:16:31 -0700
Subject: [PATCH] Unify some error strings

---
 locale/circuitpython.pot                      | 70 +++++--------------
 ports/broadcom/common-hal/busio/UART.c        |  4 +-
 ports/espressif/common-hal/busio/SPI.c        |  8 +--
 ports/espressif/common-hal/busio/UART.c       |  4 +-
 ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/busio/SPI.c       | 13 ++--
 ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/busio/UART.c      |  4 +-
 ports/nrf/common-hal/busio/UART.c             |  4 +-
 ports/raspberrypi/common-hal/busio/UART.c     |  4 +-
 ports/silabs/common-hal/busio/I2C.c           |  2 +-
 ports/silabs/common-hal/busio/SPI.c           |  2 +-
 ports/silabs/common-hal/busio/UART.c          |  2 +-
 ports/stm/common-hal/busio/I2C.c              |  2 +-
 ports/stm/common-hal/busio/SPI.c              | 15 ++--
 ports/stm/common-hal/busio/UART.c             |  4 +-
 ports/stm/common-hal/canio/CAN.c              |  2 +-
 ports/stm/common-hal/sdioio/SDCard.c          |  2 +-
 shared-bindings/displayio/FourWire.c          |  2 +-
 shared-bindings/displayio/I2CDisplay.c        |  2 +-
 shared-bindings/paralleldisplay/ParallelBus.c |  2 +-
 shared-module/bitbangio/SPI.c                 | 11 +--
 20 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 94 deletions(-)

diff --git a/locale/circuitpython.pot b/locale/circuitpython.pot
index 368836a4db..9ebb85d13f 100644
--- a/locale/circuitpython.pot
+++ b/locale/circuitpython.pot
@@ -126,8 +126,10 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #: ports/espressif/common-hal/espulp/ULP.c
 #: ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/audiobusio/__init__.c
+#: ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/usb_host/Port.c
 #: ports/raspberrypi/common-hal/picodvi/Framebuffer.c
 #: ports/raspberrypi/common-hal/rp2pio/StateMachine.c
+#: ports/raspberrypi/common-hal/usb_host/Port.c
 #: shared-bindings/digitalio/DigitalInOut.c
 #: shared-bindings/microcontroller/Pin.c
 msgid "%q in use"
@@ -182,6 +184,7 @@ msgid "%q must be 1 when %q is True"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: py/argcheck.c shared-bindings/gifio/GifWriter.c
+#: shared-module/gifio/OnDiskGif.c
 msgid "%q must be <= %d"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -779,10 +782,6 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Cannot subclass slice"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: shared-module/bitbangio/SPI.c
-msgid "Cannot transfer without MOSI and MISO pins"
-msgstr ""
-
 #: shared-bindings/pwmio/PWMOut.c
 msgid "Cannot vary frequency on a timer that is already in use"
 msgstr ""
@@ -1090,13 +1089,10 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Half duplex SPI is not implemented"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/busio/SPI.c ports/stm/common-hal/busio/I2C.c
-#: ports/stm/common-hal/busio/SPI.c ports/stm/common-hal/canio/CAN.c
-#: ports/stm/common-hal/sdioio/SDCard.c
-msgid "Hardware busy, try alternative pins"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/busio/UART.c ports/stm/common-hal/busio/UART.c
+#: ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
+#: ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/busio/UART.c ports/stm/common-hal/busio/I2C.c
+#: ports/stm/common-hal/busio/SPI.c ports/stm/common-hal/busio/UART.c
+#: ports/stm/common-hal/canio/CAN.c ports/stm/common-hal/sdioio/SDCard.c
 msgid "Hardware in use, try alternative pins"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -1355,14 +1351,6 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Mismatched swap flag"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
-msgid "Missing MISO or MOSI Pin"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: ports/stm/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
-msgid "Missing MISO or MOSI pin"
-msgstr ""
-
 #: ports/raspberrypi/common-hal/rp2pio/StateMachine.c
 #, c-format
 msgid "Missing first_in_pin. Instruction %d reads pin(s)"
@@ -1436,6 +1424,14 @@ msgid "Nimble out of memory"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ports/atmel-samd/common-hal/busio/UART.c
+#: ports/espressif/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
+#: ports/espressif/common-hal/busio/UART.c
+#: ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
+#: ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/busio/UART.c ports/nrf/common-hal/busio/UART.c
+#: ports/raspberrypi/common-hal/busio/UART.c ports/stm/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
+#: ports/stm/common-hal/busio/UART.c shared-bindings/displayio/FourWire.c
+#: shared-bindings/displayio/I2CDisplay.c
+#: shared-bindings/paralleldisplay/ParallelBus.c shared-module/bitbangio/SPI.c
 msgid "No %q pin"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -1469,36 +1465,6 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "No IP"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: ports/espressif/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
-#: ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
-msgid "No MISO Pin"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: ports/stm/common-hal/busio/SPI.c shared-module/bitbangio/SPI.c
-msgid "No MISO pin"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: ports/espressif/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
-#: ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
-msgid "No MOSI Pin"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: ports/stm/common-hal/busio/SPI.c shared-module/bitbangio/SPI.c
-msgid "No MOSI pin"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: ports/espressif/common-hal/busio/UART.c
-#: ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/busio/UART.c ports/nrf/common-hal/busio/UART.c
-#: ports/raspberrypi/common-hal/busio/UART.c ports/stm/common-hal/busio/UART.c
-msgid "No RX pin"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: ports/espressif/common-hal/busio/UART.c
-#: ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/busio/UART.c ports/nrf/common-hal/busio/UART.c
-#: ports/raspberrypi/common-hal/busio/UART.c ports/stm/common-hal/busio/UART.c
-msgid "No TX pin"
-msgstr ""
-
 #: ports/atmel-samd/common-hal/frequencyio/FrequencyIn.c
 msgid "No available clocks"
 msgstr ""
@@ -2405,6 +2371,7 @@ msgstr ""
 #: ports/espressif/boards/m5stack_core_basic/mpconfigboard.h
 #: ports/espressif/boards/m5stack_core_fire/mpconfigboard.h
 #: ports/espressif/boards/m5stack_stick_c/mpconfigboard.h
+#: ports/espressif/boards/m5stack_stick_c_plus/mpconfigboard.h
 msgid "You pressed button A at start up."
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -3628,11 +3595,6 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "no module named '%q'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: shared-bindings/displayio/FourWire.c shared-bindings/displayio/I2CDisplay.c
-#: shared-bindings/paralleldisplay/ParallelBus.c
-msgid "no reset pin available"
-msgstr ""
-
 #: shared-module/sdcardio/SDCard.c
 msgid "no response from SD card"
 msgstr ""
diff --git a/ports/broadcom/common-hal/busio/UART.c b/ports/broadcom/common-hal/busio/UART.c
index 5be098cf03..0eb72b1456 100644
--- a/ports/broadcom/common-hal/busio/UART.c
+++ b/ports/broadcom/common-hal/busio/UART.c
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ void common_hal_busio_uart_deinit(busio_uart_obj_t *self) {
 // Write characters.
 size_t common_hal_busio_uart_write(busio_uart_obj_t *self, const uint8_t *data, size_t len, int *errcode) {
     if (self->tx_pin == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No TX pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_tx);
     }
 
     COMPLETE_MEMORY_READS;
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ STATIC void enable_interrupt(busio_uart_obj_t *self) {
 // Read characters.
 size_t common_hal_busio_uart_read(busio_uart_obj_t *self, uint8_t *data, size_t len, int *errcode) {
     if (self->rx_pin == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No RX pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_rx);
     }
 
     if (len == 0) {
diff --git a/ports/espressif/common-hal/busio/SPI.c b/ports/espressif/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
index 5218fdbf9d..0b6b395c51 100644
--- a/ports/espressif/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
+++ b/ports/espressif/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ void common_hal_busio_spi_unlock(busio_spi_obj_t *self) {
 bool common_hal_busio_spi_write(busio_spi_obj_t *self,
     const uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
     if (self->MOSI == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No MOSI Pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_mosi);
     }
     return common_hal_busio_spi_transfer(self, data, NULL, len);
 }
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ bool common_hal_busio_spi_write(busio_spi_obj_t *self,
 bool common_hal_busio_spi_read(busio_spi_obj_t *self,
     uint8_t *data, size_t len, uint8_t write_value) {
     if (self->MISO == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No MISO Pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_miso);
     }
     if (self->MOSI == NULL) {
         return common_hal_busio_spi_transfer(self, NULL, data, len);
@@ -210,10 +210,10 @@ bool common_hal_busio_spi_transfer(busio_spi_obj_t *self,
         return true;
     }
     if (self->MOSI == NULL && data_out != NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No MOSI Pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_mosi);
     }
     if (self->MISO == NULL && data_in != NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No MISO Pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_miso);
     }
 
     spi_transaction_t transactions[MAX_SPI_TRANSACTIONS];
diff --git a/ports/espressif/common-hal/busio/UART.c b/ports/espressif/common-hal/busio/UART.c
index c13bdedac0..37e0092726 100644
--- a/ports/espressif/common-hal/busio/UART.c
+++ b/ports/espressif/common-hal/busio/UART.c
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ void common_hal_busio_uart_deinit(busio_uart_obj_t *self) {
 // Read characters.
 size_t common_hal_busio_uart_read(busio_uart_obj_t *self, uint8_t *data, size_t len, int *errcode) {
     if (self->rx_pin == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No RX pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_rx);
     }
     if (len == 0) {
         // Nothing to read.
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ size_t common_hal_busio_uart_read(busio_uart_obj_t *self, uint8_t *data, size_t
 // Write characters.
 size_t common_hal_busio_uart_write(busio_uart_obj_t *self, const uint8_t *data, size_t len, int *errcode) {
     if (self->tx_pin == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No TX pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_tx);
     }
 
     size_t left_to_write = len;
diff --git a/ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/busio/SPI.c b/ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
index 1ab9394244..e32b635611 100644
--- a/ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
+++ b/ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ void common_hal_busio_spi_construct(busio_spi_obj_t *self,
         self->spi = mcu_spi_banks[self->clock->bank_idx - 1];
     } else {
         if (spi_taken) {
-            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Hardware busy, try alternative pins"));
+            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Hardware in use, try alternative pins"));
         } else {
             raise_ValueError_invalid_pins();
         }
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ bool common_hal_busio_spi_write(busio_spi_obj_t *self,
         return true;
     }
     if (self->mosi == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No MOSI Pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_mosi);
     }
 
     lpspi_transfer_t xfer = { 0 };
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ bool common_hal_busio_spi_read(busio_spi_obj_t *self,
         return true;
     }
     if (self->miso == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No MISO Pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_miso);
     }
 
     LPSPI_SetDummyData(self->spi, write_value);
@@ -367,8 +367,11 @@ bool common_hal_busio_spi_transfer(busio_spi_obj_t *self, const uint8_t *data_ou
     if (len == 0) {
         return true;
     }
-    if (self->miso == NULL || self->mosi == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Missing MISO or MOSI Pin"));
+    if (self->MOSI == NULL && data_out != NULL) {
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_mosi);
+    }
+    if (self->MISO == NULL && data_in != NULL) {
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_miso);
     }
 
     LPSPI_SetDummyData(self->spi, 0xFF);
diff --git a/ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/busio/UART.c b/ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/busio/UART.c
index e4d5fda6ae..d069836295 100644
--- a/ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/busio/UART.c
+++ b/ports/mimxrt10xx/common-hal/busio/UART.c
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ void common_hal_busio_uart_deinit(busio_uart_obj_t *self) {
 // Read characters.
 size_t common_hal_busio_uart_read(busio_uart_obj_t *self, uint8_t *data, size_t len, int *errcode) {
     if (self->rx == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No RX pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_rx);
     }
 
     if (len == 0) {
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ size_t common_hal_busio_uart_read(busio_uart_obj_t *self, uint8_t *data, size_t
 // Write characters.
 size_t common_hal_busio_uart_write(busio_uart_obj_t *self, const uint8_t *data, size_t len, int *errcode) {
     if (self->tx == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No TX pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_tx);
     }
     if (self->rs485_dir && len) {
         GPIO_PinWrite(self->rs485_dir->gpio, self->rs485_dir->number, !self->rs485_invert);
diff --git a/ports/nrf/common-hal/busio/UART.c b/ports/nrf/common-hal/busio/UART.c
index 626956946f..1c63e73092 100644
--- a/ports/nrf/common-hal/busio/UART.c
+++ b/ports/nrf/common-hal/busio/UART.c
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ void common_hal_busio_uart_deinit(busio_uart_obj_t *self) {
 // Read characters.
 size_t common_hal_busio_uart_read(busio_uart_obj_t *self, uint8_t *data, size_t len, int *errcode) {
     if (nrf_uarte_rx_pin_get(self->uarte->p_reg) == NRF_UARTE_PSEL_DISCONNECTED) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No RX pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_rx);
     }
 
     uint64_t start_ticks = supervisor_ticks_ms64();
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ size_t common_hal_busio_uart_read(busio_uart_obj_t *self, uint8_t *data, size_t
 // Write characters.
 size_t common_hal_busio_uart_write(busio_uart_obj_t *self, const uint8_t *data, size_t len, int *errcode) {
     if (nrf_uarte_tx_pin_get(self->uarte->p_reg) == NRF_UARTE_PSEL_DISCONNECTED) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No TX pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_tx);
     }
 
     if (len == 0) {
diff --git a/ports/raspberrypi/common-hal/busio/UART.c b/ports/raspberrypi/common-hal/busio/UART.c
index 156a5e11ce..28cfc8b052 100644
--- a/ports/raspberrypi/common-hal/busio/UART.c
+++ b/ports/raspberrypi/common-hal/busio/UART.c
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ void common_hal_busio_uart_deinit(busio_uart_obj_t *self) {
 // Write characters.
 size_t common_hal_busio_uart_write(busio_uart_obj_t *self, const uint8_t *data, size_t len, int *errcode) {
     if (self->tx_pin == NO_PIN) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No TX pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_tx);
     }
 
     if (self->rs485_dir_pin != NO_PIN) {
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ size_t common_hal_busio_uart_write(busio_uart_obj_t *self, const uint8_t *data,
 // Read characters.
 size_t common_hal_busio_uart_read(busio_uart_obj_t *self, uint8_t *data, size_t len, int *errcode) {
     if (self->rx_pin == NO_PIN) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No RX pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_rx);
     }
 
     if (len == 0) {
diff --git a/ports/silabs/common-hal/busio/I2C.c b/ports/silabs/common-hal/busio/I2C.c
index 6d858be85e..62ac14f4e9 100644
--- a/ports/silabs/common-hal/busio/I2C.c
+++ b/ports/silabs/common-hal/busio/I2C.c
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ void common_hal_busio_i2c_construct(busio_i2c_obj_t *self,
             common_hal_mcu_pin_claim(sda);
             in_used = true;
         } else {
-            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Hardware busy, try alternative pins"));
+            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Hardware in use, try alternative pins"));
         }
     } else {
         raise_ValueError_invalid_pins();
diff --git a/ports/silabs/common-hal/busio/SPI.c b/ports/silabs/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
index a6f3109a32..89c8012477 100644
--- a/ports/silabs/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
+++ b/ports/silabs/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ void common_hal_busio_spi_construct(busio_spi_obj_t *self,
                 mp_raise_ValueError(translate("SPI init error"));
             }
         } else {
-            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Hardware busy, try alternative pins"));
+            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Hardware in use, try alternative pins"));
         }
     } else {
         raise_ValueError_invalid_pins();
diff --git a/ports/silabs/common-hal/busio/UART.c b/ports/silabs/common-hal/busio/UART.c
index 8b1883d906..75c46f4725 100644
--- a/ports/silabs/common-hal/busio/UART.c
+++ b/ports/silabs/common-hal/busio/UART.c
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ void common_hal_busio_uart_construct(busio_uart_obj_t *self,
             context = self;
 
         } else {
-            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Hardware busy, try alternative pins"));
+            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Hardware in use, try alternative pins"));
         }
 
     } else {
diff --git a/ports/stm/common-hal/busio/I2C.c b/ports/stm/common-hal/busio/I2C.c
index 259d678f2b..42c32b2b52 100644
--- a/ports/stm/common-hal/busio/I2C.c
+++ b/ports/stm/common-hal/busio/I2C.c
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ void common_hal_busio_i2c_construct(busio_i2c_obj_t *self,
         I2Cx = mcu_i2c_banks[self->sda->periph_index - 1];
     } else {
         if (i2c_taken) {
-            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Hardware busy, try alternative pins"));
+            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Hardware in use, try alternative pins"));
         } else {
             raise_ValueError_invalid_pins();
         }
diff --git a/ports/stm/common-hal/busio/SPI.c b/ports/stm/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
index 89ec4b7cdc..2fea1149eb 100644
--- a/ports/stm/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
+++ b/ports/stm/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ STATIC int check_pins(busio_spi_obj_t *self,
     }
 
     if (spi_taken) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Hardware busy, try alternative pins"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Hardware in use, try alternative pins"));
     } else {
         raise_ValueError_invalid_pin();
     }
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ void common_hal_busio_spi_unlock(busio_spi_obj_t *self) {
 bool common_hal_busio_spi_write(busio_spi_obj_t *self,
     const uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
     if (self->mosi == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No MOSI pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_mosi);
     }
     HAL_StatusTypeDef result = HAL_SPI_Transmit(&self->handle, (uint8_t *)data, (uint16_t)len, HAL_MAX_DELAY);
     return result == HAL_OK;
@@ -356,9 +356,9 @@ bool common_hal_busio_spi_write(busio_spi_obj_t *self,
 bool common_hal_busio_spi_read(busio_spi_obj_t *self,
     uint8_t *data, size_t len, uint8_t write_value) {
     if (self->miso == NULL && !self->half_duplex) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No MISO pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_miso);
     } else if (self->half_duplex && self->mosi == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No MOSI pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_mosi);
     }
     HAL_StatusTypeDef result = HAL_OK;
     if ((!self->half_duplex && self->mosi == NULL) || (self->half_duplex && self->mosi != NULL && self->miso == NULL)) {
@@ -372,8 +372,11 @@ bool common_hal_busio_spi_read(busio_spi_obj_t *self,
 
 bool common_hal_busio_spi_transfer(busio_spi_obj_t *self,
     const uint8_t *data_out, uint8_t *data_in, size_t len) {
-    if (self->miso == NULL || self->mosi == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Missing MISO or MOSI pin"));
+    if (self->mosi == NULL && data_out != NULL) {
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_mosi);
+    }
+    if (self->miso == NULL && data_in != NULL) {
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_miso);
     }
     HAL_StatusTypeDef result = HAL_SPI_TransmitReceive(&self->handle,
         (uint8_t *)data_out, data_in, (uint16_t)len,HAL_MAX_DELAY);
diff --git a/ports/stm/common-hal/busio/UART.c b/ports/stm/common-hal/busio/UART.c
index cdace31639..abf37ab881 100644
--- a/ports/stm/common-hal/busio/UART.c
+++ b/ports/stm/common-hal/busio/UART.c
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ void common_hal_busio_uart_deinit(busio_uart_obj_t *self) {
 
 size_t common_hal_busio_uart_read(busio_uart_obj_t *self, uint8_t *data, size_t len, int *errcode) {
     if (self->rx == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No RX pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_rx);
     }
 
     uint64_t start_ticks = supervisor_ticks_ms64();
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ size_t common_hal_busio_uart_read(busio_uart_obj_t *self, uint8_t *data, size_t
 // Write characters.
 size_t common_hal_busio_uart_write(busio_uart_obj_t *self, const uint8_t *data, size_t len, int *errcode) {
     if (self->tx == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No TX pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_tx);
     }
 
     // Disable UART IRQ to avoid resource hazards in Rx IRQ handler
diff --git a/ports/stm/common-hal/canio/CAN.c b/ports/stm/common-hal/canio/CAN.c
index 992745b80a..ca857d5643 100644
--- a/ports/stm/common-hal/canio/CAN.c
+++ b/ports/stm/common-hal/canio/CAN.c
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ void common_hal_canio_can_construct(canio_can_obj_t *self, const mcu_pin_obj_t *
     }
 
     if (reserved_can[periph_index]) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Hardware busy, try alternative pins"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Hardware in use, try alternative pins"));
     }
 
     const uint32_t can_frequency = 42000000;
diff --git a/ports/stm/common-hal/sdioio/SDCard.c b/ports/stm/common-hal/sdioio/SDCard.c
index 8eeae2781d..6f3eb682df 100644
--- a/ports/stm/common-hal/sdioio/SDCard.c
+++ b/ports/stm/common-hal/sdioio/SDCard.c
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ STATIC int check_pins(sdioio_sdcard_obj_t *self,
     }
 
     if (sdio_taken) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Hardware busy, try alternative pins"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Hardware in use, try alternative pins"));
     } else {
         raise_ValueError_invalid_pin();
     }
diff --git a/shared-bindings/displayio/FourWire.c b/shared-bindings/displayio/FourWire.c
index 1f099f5061..29cdf09299 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/displayio/FourWire.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/displayio/FourWire.c
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t displayio_fourwire_obj_reset(mp_obj_t self_in) {
     displayio_fourwire_obj_t *self = self_in;
 
     if (!common_hal_displayio_fourwire_reset(self)) {
-        mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("no reset pin available"));
+        mp_raise_RuntimeError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_reset);
     }
     return mp_const_none;
 }
diff --git a/shared-bindings/displayio/I2CDisplay.c b/shared-bindings/displayio/I2CDisplay.c
index f2647b0b16..ca5968421c 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/displayio/I2CDisplay.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/displayio/I2CDisplay.c
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t displayio_i2cdisplay_obj_reset(mp_obj_t self_in) {
     displayio_i2cdisplay_obj_t *self = self_in;
 
     if (!common_hal_displayio_i2cdisplay_reset(self)) {
-        mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("no reset pin available"));
+        mp_raise_RuntimeError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_reset);
     }
     return mp_const_none;
 }
diff --git a/shared-bindings/paralleldisplay/ParallelBus.c b/shared-bindings/paralleldisplay/ParallelBus.c
index ad9a1efdce..f8ab6470e4 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/paralleldisplay/ParallelBus.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/paralleldisplay/ParallelBus.c
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t paralleldisplay_parallelbus_obj_reset(mp_obj_t self_in) {
     paralleldisplay_parallelbus_obj_t *self = self_in;
 
     if (!common_hal_paralleldisplay_parallelbus_reset(self)) {
-        mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("no reset pin available"));
+        mp_raise_RuntimeError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_reset);
     }
     return mp_const_none;
 }
diff --git a/shared-module/bitbangio/SPI.c b/shared-module/bitbangio/SPI.c
index d740a214e7..c82cecff62 100644
--- a/shared-module/bitbangio/SPI.c
+++ b/shared-module/bitbangio/SPI.c
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ void shared_module_bitbangio_spi_unlock(bitbangio_spi_obj_t *self) {
 // Writes out the given data.
 bool shared_module_bitbangio_spi_write(bitbangio_spi_obj_t *self, const uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
     if (len > 0 && !self->has_mosi) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No MOSI pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_mosi);
     }
     uint32_t delay_half = self->delay_half;
 
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ bool shared_module_bitbangio_spi_write(bitbangio_spi_obj_t *self, const uint8_t
 // Reads in len bytes while outputting zeroes.
 bool shared_module_bitbangio_spi_read(bitbangio_spi_obj_t *self, uint8_t *data, size_t len, uint8_t write_data) {
     if (len > 0 && !self->has_miso) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("No MISO pin"));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_miso);
     }
 
     uint32_t delay_half = self->delay_half;
@@ -245,8 +245,11 @@ bool shared_module_bitbangio_spi_read(bitbangio_spi_obj_t *self, uint8_t *data,
 
 // transfer
 bool shared_module_bitbangio_spi_transfer(bitbangio_spi_obj_t *self, const uint8_t *dout, uint8_t *din, size_t len) {
-    if (len > 0 && (!self->has_mosi || !self->has_miso)) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Cannot transfer without MOSI and MISO pins"));
+    if (!self->has_mosi && dout != NULL) {
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_mosi);
+    }
+    if (!self->has_miso && din != NULL) {
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("No %q pin"), MP_QSTR_miso);
     }
     uint32_t delay_half = self->delay_half;