py/objgenerator: Allow pend_throw to an unstarted generator.

Replace the is_running field with a tri-state variable to indicate
running/not-running/pending-exception.

Update tests to cover the various cases.

This allows cancellation in uasyncio even if the coroutine hasn't been
executed yet.  Fixes #5242

py/objgenerator.c

@@ -43,7 +43,10 @@ const mp_obj_exception_t mp_const_GeneratorExit_obj = {{&mp_type_GeneratorExit},
 
 typedef struct _mp_obj_gen_instance_t {
     mp_obj_base_t base;
-    bool is_running;
+    // mp_const_none: Not-running, no exception.
+    // MP_OBJ_NULL: Running, no exception.
+    // other: Not running, pending exception.
+    mp_obj_t pend_exc;
     mp_code_state_t code_state;
 } mp_obj_gen_instance_t;
 
@@ -60,7 +63,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t gen_wrap_call(mp_obj_t self_in, size_t n_args, size_t n_kw, cons
         n_state * sizeof(mp_obj_t) + n_exc_stack * sizeof(mp_exc_stack_t));
     o->base.type = &mp_type_gen_instance;
 
-    o->is_running = false;
+    o->pend_exc = mp_const_none;
     o->code_state.fun_bc = self_fun;
     o->code_state.ip = 0;
     o->code_state.n_state = n_state;
@@ -105,7 +108,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t native_gen_wrap_call(mp_obj_t self_in, size_t n_args, size_t n_k
     o->base.type = &mp_type_gen_instance;
 
     // Parse the input arguments and set up the code state
-    o->is_running = false;
+    o->pend_exc = mp_const_none;
     o->code_state.fun_bc = self_fun;
     o->code_state.ip = (const byte*)prelude_offset;
     o->code_state.n_state = n_state;
@@ -151,28 +154,30 @@ mp_vm_return_kind_t mp_obj_gen_resume(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t send_value, mp_
         *ret_val = MP_OBJ_STOP_ITERATION;
         return MP_VM_RETURN_NORMAL;
     }
+
+    // Ensure the generator cannot be reentered during execution
+    if (self->pend_exc == MP_OBJ_NULL) {
+        mp_raise_ValueError("generator already executing");
+    }
+
+    #if MICROPY_PY_GENERATOR_PEND_THROW
+    // If exception is pending (set using .pend_throw()), process it now.
+    if (self->pend_exc != mp_const_none) {
+        throw_value = self->pend_exc;
+    }
+    #endif
+
+    // If the generator is started, allow sending a value.
     if (self->code_state.sp == self->code_state.state - 1) {
         if (send_value != mp_const_none) {
             mp_raise_TypeError("can't send non-None value to a just-started generator");
         }
     } else {
-        #if MICROPY_PY_GENERATOR_PEND_THROW
-        // If exception is pending (set using .pend_throw()), process it now.
-        if (*self->code_state.sp != mp_const_none) {
-            throw_value = *self->code_state.sp;
-            *self->code_state.sp = MP_OBJ_NULL;
-        } else
-        #endif
-        {
-            *self->code_state.sp = send_value;
-        }
+        *self->code_state.sp = send_value;
     }
 
-    // Ensure the generator cannot be reentered during execution
-    if (self->is_running) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("generator already executing");
-    }
-    self->is_running = true;
+    // Mark as running
+    self->pend_exc = MP_OBJ_NULL;
 
     // Set up the correct globals context for the generator and execute it
     self->code_state.old_globals = mp_globals_get();
@@ -195,7 +200,8 @@ mp_vm_return_kind_t mp_obj_gen_resume(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t send_value, mp_
 
     mp_globals_set(self->code_state.old_globals);
 
-    self->is_running = false;
+    // Mark as not running
+    self->pend_exc = mp_const_none;
 
     switch (ret_kind) {
         case MP_VM_RETURN_NORMAL:
@@ -313,11 +319,11 @@ STATIC MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_1(gen_instance_close_obj, gen_instance_close);
 #if MICROPY_PY_GENERATOR_PEND_THROW
 STATIC mp_obj_t gen_instance_pend_throw(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t exc_in) {
     mp_obj_gen_instance_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
-    if (self->code_state.sp == self->code_state.state - 1) {
-        mp_raise_TypeError("can't pend throw to just-started generator");
+    if (self->pend_exc == MP_OBJ_NULL) {
+        mp_raise_ValueError("generator already executing");
     }
-    mp_obj_t prev = *self->code_state.sp;
-    *self->code_state.sp = exc_in;
+    mp_obj_t prev = self->pend_exc;
+    self->pend_exc = exc_in;
     return prev;
 }
 STATIC MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_2(gen_instance_pend_throw_obj, gen_instance_pend_throw);

tests/basics/generator_pend_throw.py

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ except AttributeError:
     raise SystemExit
 
 
+# Verify that an injected exception will be raised from next().
 print(next(g))
 print(next(g))
 g.pend_throw(ValueError())
@@ -25,7 +26,76 @@ except Exception as e:
 
 print("ret was:", v)
 
+
+# Verify that pend_throw works on an unstarted coroutine.
+g = gen()
+g.pend_throw(OSError())
 try:
-    gen().pend_throw(ValueError())
-except TypeError:
-    print("TypeError")
+    next(g)
+except Exception as e:
+    print("raised", repr(e))
+
+
+# Verify that you can't resume the coroutine from within the running coroutine.
+def gen_next():
+    next(g)
+    yield 1
+
+g = gen_next()
+
+try:
+    next(g)
+except Exception as e:
+    print("raised", repr(e))
+
+
+# Verify that you can't pend_throw from within the running coroutine.
+def gen_pend_throw():
+    g.pend_throw(ValueError())
+    yield 1
+
+g = gen_pend_throw()
+
+try:
+    next(g)
+except Exception as e:
+    print("raised", repr(e))
+
+
+# Verify that the pend_throw exception can be ignored.
+class CancelledError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+def gen_cancelled():
+    for i in range(5):
+        try:
+            yield i
+        except CancelledError:
+            print('ignore CancelledError')
+
+g = gen_cancelled()
+print(next(g))
+g.pend_throw(CancelledError())
+print(next(g))
+# ...but not if the generator hasn't started.
+g = gen_cancelled()
+g.pend_throw(CancelledError())
+try:
+    next(g)
+except Exception as e:
+    print("raised", repr(e))
+
+
+# Verify that calling pend_throw returns the previous exception.
+g = gen()
+next(g)
+print(repr(g.pend_throw(CancelledError())))
+print(repr(g.pend_throw(OSError)))
+
+
+# Verify that you can pend_throw(None) to cancel a previous pend_throw.
+g = gen()
+next(g)
+g.pend_throw(CancelledError())
+print(repr(g.pend_throw(None)))
+print(next(g))

tests/basics/generator_pend_throw.py.exp

@@ -2,4 +2,14 @@
 1
 raised ValueError()
 ret was: None
-TypeError
+raised OSError()
+raised ValueError('generator already executing',)
+raised ValueError('generator already executing',)
+0
+ignore CancelledError
+1
+raised CancelledError()
+None
+CancelledError()
+CancelledError()
+1